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倒装句的种类

当主语在谓语前出现时叫顺序(the natural order)。在某些情况下,我们可以把谓语成分放在主语前面,这种词序叫做倒装(the inverted order)。

倒装分两种:配合语法条例的倒装,叫“grammatical inversion”;配合强调语势的叫“emphatic inversion”。

语法上的倒装句是强制性的,包括下列7种:

1、疑问句,如:

Can you do it?

How old are you?

When did you know him?

Why did you elect him as captain?

Which of these apples do you prefer?

但疑问代词做主语时,不必倒置,如:

Who is your English teacher?

What happened last night?

2、表示“愿望”的句子,如:

May God bless you.

Long live the king!

3、“There”引导的句子,如:

There are many cars on the road.

There stand some big trees near the river.

There is a security guard outside the bank.

4、感叹句,如:

How beautiful the flower is!

What a smart boy you are!

5、有连接词“so,neither,nor”的句子,如:

Tom can ride a bicycle;so can I.

She can't sing;neither can he.

John has never been late;nor have I.

6、省略连词“if”的条件副词分句,如:

Were I you,I would not do such a thing.

Should the machine break down again,send it back to us.

Had you worked harder,you would have passed.

7、“as,however”连接的让步副词分句,如:

Small as the pen is,it is a powerful weapon.

However busy you are,you should spend some time reading Zaobao weekly.

谈过了语法上的倒装句,现在谈强调的倒装句。

Never have I seen such a wicked man.

On no account must this employee be removed.

Not until he told me had I heard anything of it.

No sooner had I left than the rain came.

Up jumped the puppy.

In came John.

Down fell the rotten branches from the tree.

Out came a woman and her maid.

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